added translation tab

common.php

@@ -202,6 +202,166 @@ function rbac_client_filter(array $tokenRecord, string $clientAlias = 'client'):
     }
 }
 
+// --- Translations: German (de) is the canonical source language ---
+define('QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE', 'de');
+
+function qdb_ensure_source_language(PDO $pdo): void {
+    $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO language (languageCode, name) VALUES (:lc, :n)
+                   ON CONFLICT(languageCode) DO NOTHING")
+        ->execute([':lc' => QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE, ':n' => 'German']);
+}
+
+function qdb_upsert_source_translation(PDO $pdo, string $type, string $id, string $text): void {
+    qdb_ensure_source_language($pdo);
+    $lang = QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE;
+    if ($type === 'question') {
+        $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO question_translation (questionID, languageCode, text)
+                       VALUES (:id, :lang, :t)
+                       ON CONFLICT(questionID, languageCode) DO UPDATE SET text = excluded.text")
+            ->execute([':id' => $id, ':lang' => $lang, ':t' => $text]);
+    } elseif ($type === 'answer_option') {
+        $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO answer_option_translation (answerOptionID, languageCode, text)
+                       VALUES (:id, :lang, :t)
+                       ON CONFLICT(answerOptionID, languageCode) DO UPDATE SET text = excluded.text")
+            ->execute([':id' => $id, ':lang' => $lang, ':t' => $text]);
+    } elseif ($type === 'string') {
+        $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO string_translation (stringKey, languageCode, text)
+                       VALUES (:id, :lang, :t)
+                       ON CONFLICT(stringKey, languageCode) DO UPDATE SET text = excluded.text")
+            ->execute([':id' => $id, ':lang' => $lang, ':t' => $text]);
+    }
+}
+
+function qdb_require_non_empty_german(string $text, string $label = 'German text'): void {
+    if ($text === '') {
+        json_error('MISSING_FIELDS', "$label is required", 400);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build translation entry lists for one questionnaire.
+ * Returns ['stringEntries' => [...], 'contentEntries' => [...]] (questions + options interleaved).
+ */
+function qdb_translation_entry_lists(PDO $pdo, string $qnID): array {
+    $qStmt = $pdo->prepare("
+        SELECT q.questionID, q.defaultText, q.configJson, q.orderIndex
+        FROM question q WHERE q.questionnaireID = :id ORDER BY q.orderIndex
+    ");
+    $qStmt->execute([':id' => $qnID]);
+    $dbQuestions = $qStmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+
+    $stringKeys = [];
+    $stringEntries = [];
+    $contentEntries = [];
+
+    foreach ($dbQuestions as $dbQ) {
+        $qOrder = (int)($dbQ['orderIndex'] ?? 0);
+        $contentEntries[] = [
+            'key'       => $dbQ['defaultText'],
+            'type'      => 'question',
+            'entityId'  => $dbQ['questionID'],
+            'sortOrder' => $qOrder * 1000,
+        ];
+
+        $aoStmt = $pdo->prepare("
+            SELECT answerOptionID, defaultText, orderIndex
+            FROM answer_option WHERE questionID = :qid ORDER BY orderIndex
+        ");
+        $aoStmt->execute([':qid' => $dbQ['questionID']]);
+        foreach ($aoStmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $ao) {
+            $contentEntries[] = [
+                'key'       => $ao['defaultText'],
+                'type'      => 'answer_option',
+                'entityId'  => $ao['answerOptionID'],
+                'sortOrder' => $qOrder * 1000 + 10 + (int)($ao['orderIndex'] ?? 0),
+            ];
+        }
+
+        $config = json_decode($dbQ['configJson'] ?: '{}', true) ?: [];
+        foreach (['textKey', 'textKey1', 'textKey2', 'hint', 'hint1', 'hint2'] as $field) {
+            if (!empty($config[$field])) {
+                $stringKeys[$config[$field]] = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!empty($config['symptoms']) && is_array($config['symptoms'])) {
+            foreach ($config['symptoms'] as $s) {
+                $stringKeys[$s] = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    $stringOrder = 0;
+    $skList = array_keys($stringKeys);
+    sort($skList, SORT_STRING);
+    foreach ($skList as $sk) {
+        $stringEntries[] = [
+            'key'       => $sk,
+            'type'      => 'string',
+            'entityId'  => $sk,
+            'sortOrder' => $stringOrder++,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    return ['stringEntries' => $stringEntries, 'contentEntries' => $contentEntries];
+}
+
+/** Attach translation texts and germanText to entry rows. */
+function qdb_attach_translation_texts(array &$entries, array $translations): void {
+    foreach ($entries as &$e) {
+        $tr = $translations[$e['entityId']] ?? [];
+        $e['translations'] = (object)$tr;
+        $de = trim($tr[QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE] ?? '');
+        $e['germanText'] = $de !== '' ? $de : $e['key'];
+    }
+    unset($e);
+}
+
+/** Load all translation rows for a flat entry list. */
+function qdb_load_translations_for_entries(PDO $pdo, array $entries): array {
+    $translations = [];
+
+    $qIds = array_values(array_filter(array_map(
+        fn($e) => $e['type'] === 'question' ? $e['entityId'] : null,
+        $entries
+    )));
+    if ($qIds) {
+        $ph = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($qIds), '?'));
+        $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT questionID AS entityId, languageCode, text FROM question_translation WHERE questionID IN ($ph)");
+        $stmt->execute($qIds);
+        foreach ($stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $r) {
+            $translations[$r['entityId']][$r['languageCode']] = $r['text'];
+        }
+    }
+
+    $aoIds = array_values(array_filter(array_map(
+        fn($e) => $e['type'] === 'answer_option' ? $e['entityId'] : null,
+        $entries
+    )));
+    if ($aoIds) {
+        $ph = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($aoIds), '?'));
+        $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT answerOptionID AS entityId, languageCode, text FROM answer_option_translation WHERE answerOptionID IN ($ph)");
+        $stmt->execute($aoIds);
+        foreach ($stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $r) {
+            $translations[$r['entityId']][$r['languageCode']] = $r['text'];
+        }
+    }
+
+    $sKeys = array_values(array_filter(array_map(
+        fn($e) => $e['type'] === 'string' ? $e['entityId'] : null,
+        $entries
+    )));
+    if ($sKeys) {
+        $ph = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($sKeys), '?'));
+        $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT stringKey AS entityId, languageCode, text FROM string_translation WHERE stringKey IN ($ph)");
+        $stmt->execute($sKeys);
+        foreach ($stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $r) {
+            $translations[$r['entityId']][$r['languageCode']] = $r['text'];
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $translations;
+}
+
 // --- AES-256-CBC: IV(16) + CIPHERTEXT ---
 function aes256_cbc_encrypt_bytes(string $plain, string $key): string {
     $key = str_pad(substr($key, 0, 32), 32, "\0");

handlers/answer_options.php

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ case 'POST':
     $id   = bin2hex(random_bytes(16));
     $qID  = $body['questionID'];
     $text = trim($body['defaultText']);
+    qdb_require_non_empty_german($text);
     $points = (int)($body['points'] ?? 0);
     $order  = (int)($body['orderIndex'] ?? 0);
     $nextQ  = trim($body['nextQuestionId'] ?? '');
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ case 'POST':
         }
         $pdo->prepare('INSERT INTO answer_option (answerOptionID, questionID, defaultText, points, orderIndex, nextQuestionId) VALUES (:id, :qid, :t, :p, :o, :nq)')
             ->execute([':id' => $id, ':qid' => $qID, ':t' => $text, ':p' => $points, ':o' => $order, ':nq' => $nextQ]);
+        qdb_upsert_source_translation($pdo, 'answer_option', $id, $text);
         qdb_save($tmpDb, $lockFp);
         json_success(['answerOption' => [
             'answerOptionID' => $id,
@@ -89,12 +91,14 @@ case 'PUT':
             json_error('NOT_FOUND', 'Answer option not found', 404);
         }
         $text   = trim($body['defaultText'] ?? $row['defaultText']);
+        qdb_require_non_empty_german($text);
         $points = (int)($body['points'] ?? $row['points']);
         $order  = (int)($body['orderIndex'] ?? $row['orderIndex']);
         $nextQ  = trim($body['nextQuestionId'] ?? $row['nextQuestionId']);
 
         $pdo->prepare('UPDATE answer_option SET defaultText = :t, points = :p, orderIndex = :o, nextQuestionId = :nq WHERE answerOptionID = :id')
             ->execute([':t' => $text, ':p' => $points, ':o' => $order, ':nq' => $nextQ, ':id' => $id]);
+        qdb_upsert_source_translation($pdo, 'answer_option', $id, $text);
         qdb_save($tmpDb, $lockFp);
         json_success(['answerOption' => [
             'answerOptionID' => $id,

handlers/questions.php

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ case 'POST':
     $id     = bin2hex(random_bytes(16));
     $qnID   = $body['questionnaireID'];
     $text   = trim($body['defaultText']);
+    qdb_require_non_empty_german($text);
     $type   = trim($body['type'] ?? '');
     $order  = (int)($body['orderIndex'] ?? 0);
     $req    = (int)($body['isRequired'] ?? 0);
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ case 'POST':
                         VALUES (:id, :qid, :t, :ty, :o, :r, :cj)")
             ->execute([':id' => $id, ':qid' => $qnID, ':t' => $text, ':ty' => $type,
                        ':o' => $order, ':r' => $req, ':cj' => $config]);
+        qdb_upsert_source_translation($pdo, 'question', $id, $text);
         qdb_save($tmpDb, $lockFp);
         json_success(['question' => [
             'questionID' => $id, 'questionnaireID' => $qnID, 'defaultText' => $text,
@@ -99,12 +101,14 @@ case 'PUT':
             json_error('NOT_FOUND', 'Question not found', 404);
         }
         $text   = trim($body['defaultText'] ?? $row['defaultText']);
+        qdb_require_non_empty_german($text);
         $type   = trim($body['type']        ?? $row['type']);
         $order  = (int)($body['orderIndex'] ?? $row['orderIndex']);
         $req    = (int)($body['isRequired'] ?? $row['isRequired']);
         $config = $body['configJson']       ?? $row['configJson'];
         $pdo->prepare("UPDATE question SET defaultText = :t, type = :ty, orderIndex = :o, isRequired = :r, configJson = :cj WHERE questionID = :id")
             ->execute([':t' => $text, ':ty' => $type, ':o' => $order, ':r' => $req, ':cj' => $config, ':id' => $id]);
+        qdb_upsert_source_translation($pdo, 'question', $id, $text);
         qdb_save($tmpDb, $lockFp);
         json_success(['question' => [
             'questionID' => $id, 'questionnaireID' => $row['questionnaireID'],

handlers/translations.php

@@ -14,83 +14,74 @@ case 'GET':
         json_success(["languages" => $rows]);
     }
 
+    if (!empty($_GET['all'])) {
+        [$pdo, $tmpDb, $lockFp] = qdb_open(false);
+
+        $languages = $pdo->query("SELECT languageCode, name FROM language ORDER BY languageCode")->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        if (!array_filter($languages, fn($l) => $l['languageCode'] === QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE)) {
+            array_unshift($languages, ['languageCode' => QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE, 'name' => 'German']);
+        }
+
+        $qnRows = $pdo->query("
+            SELECT questionnaireID, name, orderIndex FROM questionnaire ORDER BY orderIndex
+        ")->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+
+        $questionnaires = [];
+        $allEntries = [];
+
+        foreach ($qnRows as $qn) {
+            $lists = qdb_translation_entry_lists($pdo, $qn['questionnaireID']);
+            $entries = array_merge($lists['stringEntries'], $lists['contentEntries']);
+            if (!$entries) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            $translations = qdb_load_translations_for_entries($pdo, $entries);
+            qdb_attach_translation_texts($entries, $translations);
+            $questionnaires[] = [
+                'questionnaireID' => $qn['questionnaireID'],
+                'name'            => $qn['name'],
+                'orderIndex'      => (int)$qn['orderIndex'],
+                'entries'         => $entries,
+            ];
+            foreach ($entries as $e) {
+                $allEntries[] = $e;
+            }
+        }
+
+        qdb_discard($tmpDb, $lockFp);
+        json_success([
+            'languages'       => $languages,
+            'questionnaires'  => $questionnaires,
+            'entries'         => $allEntries,
+            'sourceLanguage'  => QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE,
+        ]);
+    }
+
     $qnID = $_GET['questionnaireID'] ?? '';
     if ($qnID) {
         [$pdo, $tmpDb, $lockFp] = qdb_open(false);
 
         $languages = $pdo->query("SELECT languageCode, name FROM language ORDER BY languageCode")->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
-
+        if (!array_filter($languages, fn($l) => $l['languageCode'] === QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE)) {
-        $qStmt = $pdo->prepare("
+            array_unshift($languages, ['languageCode' => QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE, 'name' => 'German']);
-            SELECT q.questionID, q.defaultText, q.configJson
-            FROM question q WHERE q.questionnaireID = :id ORDER BY q.orderIndex
-        ");
-        $qStmt->execute([':id' => $qnID]);
-        $dbQuestions = $qStmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
-
-        $entries = [];
-        $stringKeys = [];
-
-        foreach ($dbQuestions as $dbQ) {
-            $entries[] = ['key' => $dbQ['defaultText'], 'type' => 'question', 'entityId' => $dbQ['questionID']];
-
-            $aoStmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT answerOptionID, defaultText FROM answer_option WHERE questionID = :qid ORDER BY orderIndex");
-            $aoStmt->execute([':qid' => $dbQ['questionID']]);
-            foreach ($aoStmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $ao) {
-                $entries[] = ['key' => $ao['defaultText'], 'type' => 'answer_option', 'entityId' => $ao['answerOptionID']];
-            }
-
-            $config = json_decode($dbQ['configJson'] ?: '{}', true) ?: [];
-            foreach (['textKey','textKey1','textKey2','hint','hint1','hint2'] as $field) {
-                if (!empty($config[$field])) $stringKeys[$config[$field]] = true;
-            }
-            if (!empty($config['symptoms']) && is_array($config['symptoms'])) {
-                foreach ($config['symptoms'] as $s) $stringKeys[$s] = true;
-            }
         }
 
-        foreach (array_keys($stringKeys) as $sk) {
+        $qnRow = $pdo->prepare("SELECT name FROM questionnaire WHERE questionnaireID = :id");
-            $entries[] = ['key' => $sk, 'type' => 'string', 'entityId' => $sk];
+        $qnRow->execute([':id' => $qnID]);
-        }
+        $qnName = $qnRow->fetchColumn() ?: '';
 
-        $translations = [];
+        $lists = qdb_translation_entry_lists($pdo, $qnID);
-
+        $entries = array_merge($lists['stringEntries'], $lists['contentEntries']);
-        $qIds = array_filter(array_map(fn($e) => $e['type'] === 'question' ? $e['entityId'] : null, $entries));
+        $translations = qdb_load_translations_for_entries($pdo, $entries);
-        if ($qIds) {
+        qdb_attach_translation_texts($entries, $translations);
-            $ph = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($qIds), '?'));
-            $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT questionID AS entityId, languageCode, text FROM question_translation WHERE questionID IN ($ph)");
-            $stmt->execute(array_values($qIds));
-            foreach ($stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $r) {
-                $translations[$r['entityId']][$r['languageCode']] = $r['text'];
-            }
-        }
-
-        $aoIds = array_filter(array_map(fn($e) => $e['type'] === 'answer_option' ? $e['entityId'] : null, $entries));
-        if ($aoIds) {
-            $ph = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($aoIds), '?'));
-            $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT answerOptionID AS entityId, languageCode, text FROM answer_option_translation WHERE answerOptionID IN ($ph)");
-            $stmt->execute(array_values($aoIds));
-            foreach ($stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $r) {
-                $translations[$r['entityId']][$r['languageCode']] = $r['text'];
-            }
-        }
-
-        $sKeys = array_filter(array_map(fn($e) => $e['type'] === 'string' ? $e['entityId'] : null, $entries));
-        if ($sKeys) {
-            $ph = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($sKeys), '?'));
-            $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT stringKey AS entityId, languageCode, text FROM string_translation WHERE stringKey IN ($ph)");
-            $stmt->execute(array_values($sKeys));
-            foreach ($stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) as $r) {
-                $translations[$r['entityId']][$r['languageCode']] = $r['text'];
-            }
-        }
-
-        foreach ($entries as &$e) {
-            $e['translations'] = $translations[$e['entityId']] ?? (object)[];
-        }
-        unset($e);
 
         qdb_discard($tmpDb, $lockFp);
-        json_success(["languages" => $languages, "entries" => $entries]);
+        json_success([
+            'languages'      => $languages,
+            'entries'        => $entries,
+            'questionnaire'  => ['questionnaireID' => $qnID, 'name' => $qnName],
+            'sourceLanguage' => QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE,
+        ]);
     }
 
     $type = $_GET['type'] ?? '';
@@ -132,9 +123,13 @@ case 'PUT':
         }
         [$pdo, $tmpDb, $lockFp] = qdb_open(true);
         try {
-            $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO language (languageCode, name) VALUES (:lc, :n)
+            if ($lang === QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE) {
-                           ON CONFLICT(languageCode) DO UPDATE SET name = excluded.name")
+                qdb_ensure_source_language($pdo);
-                ->execute([':lc' => $lang, ':n' => $name]);
+            } else {
+                $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO language (languageCode, name) VALUES (:lc, :n)
+                               ON CONFLICT(languageCode) DO UPDATE SET name = excluded.name")
+                    ->execute([':lc' => $lang, ':n' => $name]);
+            }
             qdb_save($tmpDb, $lockFp);
             json_success([]);
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
@@ -189,6 +184,9 @@ case 'DELETE':
         if (!$lang) {
             json_error('MISSING_FIELDS', 'languageCode required', 400);
         }
+        if ($lang === QDB_SOURCE_LANGUAGE) {
+            json_error('BAD_REQUEST', 'German (de) cannot be removed', 400);
+        }
         [$pdo, $tmpDb, $lockFp] = qdb_open(true);
         try {
             $pdo->prepare("DELETE FROM language WHERE languageCode = :lc")->execute([':lc' => $lang]);

website/css/style.css

@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@
     --shadow-lg: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.1);
     --sidebar-width: 240px;
     --font: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+    /* Incomplete translation highlight (neutral, not yellow) */
+    --trans-missing-bg: #f8fafc;
+    --trans-missing-bg-hover: #f1f5f9;
+    --trans-missing-border: #cbd5e1;
+    --trans-missing-accent: #64748b;
+    --trans-missing-placeholder: #94a3b8;
 }
 
 *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
@@ -740,6 +746,204 @@ th.sort-desc::after { content: ' \2193'; opacity: 1; }
     transform: rotate(90deg);
 }
 
+/* ── Translations page ── */
+.trans-page { padding: 20px 24px; }
+.trans-controls {
+    display: flex;
+    flex-wrap: wrap;
+    gap: 16px 24px;
+    margin-bottom: 16px;
+}
+.trans-control {
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 6px;
+    flex: 1;
+    min-width: 200px;
+    max-width: 360px;
+    font-size: .85rem;
+    color: var(--text-secondary);
+}
+.trans-control span { font-weight: 500; }
+.trans-select {
+    padding: 8px 12px;
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    border-radius: 6px;
+    font-size: .9rem;
+    font-family: var(--font);
+    background: var(--surface);
+}
+.trans-select:focus {
+    outline: none;
+    border-color: var(--primary);
+    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(37,99,235,.12);
+}
+.trans-type-select { width: auto; min-width: 140px; flex-shrink: 0; }
+.trans-lang-panel {
+    margin-bottom: 16px;
+    padding: 12px 14px;
+    background: #f8fafc;
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    border-radius: var(--radius);
+}
+.trans-lang-panel summary {
+    cursor: pointer;
+    font-weight: 600;
+    font-size: .9rem;
+    color: var(--text);
+    user-select: none;
+}
+.trans-lang-panel[open] summary { margin-bottom: 12px; }
+.trans-lang-panel .lang-chips { margin-bottom: 10px; }
+.trans-hint { padding: 24px 0; text-align: center; font-size: .9rem; }
+.text-muted { color: var(--text-secondary); }
+.required-mark { color: var(--danger); font-weight: 600; }
+.trans-list-header {
+    display: grid;
+    grid-template-columns: minmax(100px, 0.75fr) 1fr 1fr;
+    gap: 12px;
+    padding: 8px 14px;
+    font-size: .75rem;
+    font-weight: 600;
+    text-transform: uppercase;
+    letter-spacing: .04em;
+    color: var(--text-secondary);
+    background: #f1f5f9;
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    border-bottom: none;
+    border-radius: var(--radius) var(--radius) 0 0;
+}
+.trans-qn-block {
+    margin-bottom: 28px;
+    padding-bottom: 8px;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+}
+.trans-qn-block:last-child { border-bottom: none; margin-bottom: 0; }
+.trans-qn-hidden { display: none !important; }
+.trans-qn-title {
+    font-size: 1.05rem;
+    font-weight: 600;
+    color: var(--text);
+    margin: 0 0 14px;
+}
+.trans-group {
+    margin-bottom: 18px;
+}
+.trans-group-hidden { display: none !important; }
+.trans-group-title {
+    font-size: .8rem;
+    font-weight: 600;
+    text-transform: uppercase;
+    letter-spacing: .04em;
+    color: var(--text-secondary);
+    margin: 0 0 8px;
+    padding-bottom: 6px;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
+}
+.trans-groups-wrap .trans-list-header { margin-top: 0; }
+.trans-list-in-group {
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    border-radius: var(--radius);
+    overflow: hidden;
+}
+#transGroupedRoot {
+    max-height: calc(100vh - 360px);
+    overflow-y: auto;
+}
+.trans-list {
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius) var(--radius);
+    max-height: calc(100vh - 360px);
+    overflow-y: auto;
+}
+.trans-list-item {
+    display: grid;
+    grid-template-columns: minmax(100px, 0.75fr) 1fr 1fr;
+    gap: 12px;
+    align-items: center;
+    padding: 10px 14px;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
+}
+.trans-list-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
+.trans-list-item:hover { background: #f8fafc; }
+.trans-list-item-missing {
+    background: var(--trans-missing-bg);
+    box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--trans-missing-accent);
+}
+.trans-list-item-missing:hover { background: var(--trans-missing-bg-hover); }
+.trans-list-key {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: flex-start;
+    gap: 6px;
+    min-width: 0;
+}
+.trans-key-text {
+    font-family: monospace;
+    font-size: .8rem;
+    line-height: 1.35;
+    color: var(--text-secondary);
+    word-break: break-word;
+}
+.trans-list-source {
+    min-width: 0;
+}
+.trans-source-text {
+    display: block;
+    font-size: .9rem;
+    line-height: 1.4;
+    color: var(--text);
+    word-break: break-word;
+}
+.lang-chip-fixed {
+    background: #dbeafe;
+    border-color: #93c5fd;
+}
+.trans-list-item .trans-cell-input {
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    background: var(--surface);
+    border-radius: 6px;
+    padding: 8px 10px;
+}
+.trans-input-missing {
+    border-color: var(--trans-missing-border) !important;
+    background: var(--surface) !important;
+    box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(100, 116, 139, 0.12);
+}
+.trans-input-missing::placeholder {
+    color: var(--trans-missing-placeholder);
+    font-style: normal;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+    .trans-list-header,
+    .trans-list-item {
+        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+        gap: 6px;
+    }
+    .trans-list-header { display: none; }
+    .trans-list-item .trans-list-key::before {
+        content: 'Key';
+        display: block;
+        font-size: .7rem;
+        font-weight: 600;
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+        color: var(--text-secondary);
+        margin-bottom: 2px;
+    }
+    .trans-list-item .trans-list-source::before {
+        content: 'German';
+        display: block;
+        font-size: .7rem;
+        font-weight: 600;
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+        color: var(--text-secondary);
+        margin-bottom: 2px;
+    }
+    .trans-list-item .trans-cell-input[data-field="translation"] {
+        margin-top: 4px;
+    }
+}
+
 /* ── Language manager ── */
 .lang-manager {
     background: #f8fafc;
@@ -849,7 +1053,11 @@ th.sort-desc::after { content: ' \2193'; opacity: 1; }
 .trans-table td { padding: 2px 4px; }
 .trans-table tbody tr { border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; }
 .trans-table tbody tr:hover { background: #f8fafc; }
-.trans-row-hidden { display: none; }
+.trans-row-hidden { display: none !important; }
+#tabContent-translations .trans-list,
+#tabContent-translations .trans-list-header {
+    margin-top: 0;
+}
 
 .col-key { min-width: 180px; }
 .col-type { width: 50px; text-align: center; }
@@ -876,11 +1084,11 @@ th.sort-desc::after { content: ' \2193'; opacity: 1; }
     letter-spacing: .3px;
 }
 .badge-q   { background: #dbeafe; color: #1e40af; }
-.badge-opt { background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; }
+.badge-opt { background: #e2e8f0; color: #475569; }
 .badge-str { background: #ede9fe; color: #5b21b6; }
 
 .cell-trans { position: relative; }
-.cell-missing { background: #fff7ed; }
+.cell-missing { background: var(--trans-missing-bg); }
 
 .trans-cell-input {
     width: 100%;
@@ -903,16 +1111,22 @@ th.sort-desc::after { content: ' \2193'; opacity: 1; }
     box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(37,99,235,.1);
 }
 .trans-cell-input::placeholder {
-    color: #f59e0b;
+    color: var(--trans-missing-placeholder);
-    font-style: italic;
+    font-style: normal;
     font-size: .8rem;
 }
+.trans-cell-input:not(.trans-input-missing)::placeholder {
+    color: var(--text-secondary);
+}
 .trans-cell-input.save-flash {
     animation: saveFlash .4s ease;
 }
 @keyframes saveFlash {
-    0%   { background: #dcfce7; }
+    0%   { background: #dbeafe; }
-    100% { background: transparent; }
+    100% { background: var(--surface); }
+}
+.trans-list-item .trans-cell-input.save-flash {
+    animation: saveFlash .4s ease;
 }
 
 /* ── Stats bar ── */

website/index.html

@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@
                     Assign Clients
                 </a>
             </li>
+            <li data-nav-roles="admin supervisor">
+                <a href="#/translations">
+                    <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><line x1="2" y1="12" x2="22" y2="12"/><path d="M12 2a15.3 15.3 0 014 10 15.3 15.3 0 01-4 10 15.3 15.3 0 01-4-10 15.3 15.3 0 014-10z"/></svg>
+                    Translations
+                </a>
+            </li>
             <li>
                 <a href="#/export">
                     <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M21 15v4a2 2 0 01-2 2H5a2 2 0 01-2-2v-4"/><polyline points="7 10 12 15 17 10"/><line x1="12" y1="15" x2="12" y2="3"/></svg>

website/js/app.js

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { exportPage }     from './pages/export.js';
 import { usersPage }      from './pages/users.js';
 import { assignmentsPage } from './pages/assignments.js';
 import { clientsPage }     from './pages/clients.js';
+import { translationsPage } from './pages/translations.js';
 
 // Auth state
 export function isLoggedIn() {
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ addRoute('/export', authGuard(exportPage));
 addRoute('/users', roleGuard(['admin', 'supervisor'], usersPage));
 addRoute('/assignments', roleGuard(['admin', 'supervisor'], assignmentsPage));
 addRoute('/clients', roleGuard(['admin', 'supervisor'], clientsPage));
+addRoute('/translations', roleGuard(['admin', 'supervisor'], translationsPage));
 
 // Nav link handling & logout
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {

website/js/pages/editor.js

@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
 import { apiGet, apiPost, apiPut, apiPatch, apiDelete } from '../api.js';
 import { canEdit, showToast } from '../app.js';
 import { navigate } from '../router.js';
+import {
+    SOURCE_LANG,
+    normalizeEntry,
+    translationFor,
+    targetLanguages,
+    buildTranslationGroups,
+    sourceLanguageLabel,
+    translationListHeaderHTML,
+    renderGroupedTranslationsHTML,
+    escHtml,
+} from '../translations-helpers.js';
 
 const LAYOUT_TYPES = [
     { value: 'radio_question',             label: 'Radio (Single Choice)' },
@@ -427,8 +438,8 @@ function showAddQuestionForm() {
             <h4>New Question</h4>
             <div class="form-row">
                 <div class="form-group" style="flex:3">
-                    <label>Question key</label>
+                    <label>German text <span class="required-mark">*</span></label>
-                    <input type="text" id="aq_text" placeholder="e.g. consent_instruction">
+                    <input type="text" id="aq_text" placeholder="e.g. Haben Sie zugestimmt?" required>
                 </div>
                 <div class="form-group" style="flex:1;min-width:200px">
                     <label>Layout type</label>
@@ -449,7 +460,7 @@ function showAddQuestionForm() {
                     <ul class="pending-options-list" id="aq_pending_options"></ul>
                     <div style="display:flex;gap:8px;margin-top:6px;align-items:flex-end">
                         <div class="form-group" style="flex:3;margin-bottom:0">
-                            <input type="text" id="aq_opt_text" placeholder="Option key...">
+                            <input type="text" id="aq_opt_text" placeholder="German option text…" required>
                         </div>
                         <div class="form-group" style="width:90px;margin-bottom:0">
                             <input type="number" id="aq_opt_pts" value="0" min="0" placeholder="Pts">
@@ -505,7 +516,7 @@ function showAddQuestionForm() {
         const text = document.getElementById('aq_opt_text').value.trim();
         const pts  = parseInt(document.getElementById('aq_opt_pts').value || '0', 10);
         const next = document.getElementById('aq_opt_next').value;
-        if (!text) { showToast('Option key is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (!text) { showToast('German text is required', 'error'); return; }
         pendingOptions.push({ text, points: pts, nextQuestionId: next });
         renderPendingOptions();
         document.getElementById('aq_opt_text').value = '';
@@ -529,7 +540,7 @@ function showAddQuestionForm() {
         const type = document.getElementById('aq_type').value;
         const isRequired = document.getElementById('aq_required').checked ? 1 : 0;
         const configJson = readConfigFromForm(type, 'aq_cfg');
-        if (!text) { showToast('Question key is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (!text) { showToast('German text is required', 'error'); return; }
         if (OPTION_TYPES.has(type) && pendingOptions.length === 0) {
             showToast('Add at least one answer option', 'error');
             return;
@@ -644,8 +655,8 @@ function renderQuestionBody(q) {
             <div class="inline-form-card" style="margin-bottom:12px">
                 <div class="form-row">
                     <div class="form-group" style="flex:3">
-                        <label>Question key</label>
+                        <label>German text <span class="required-mark">*</span></label>
-                        <input type="text" id="eq_text_${q.questionID}" value="${esc(q.defaultText)}">
+                        <input type="text" id="eq_text_${q.questionID}" value="${esc(q.defaultText)}" required>
                     </div>
                     <div class="form-group" style="flex:1;min-width:200px">
                         <label>Layout type</label>
@@ -666,7 +677,7 @@ function renderQuestionBody(q) {
         </div>
         ` : `
         <div class="inline-form-card" style="margin-bottom:12px">
-            <p><strong>Key:</strong> ${esc(q.defaultText)}</p>
+            <p><strong>German:</strong> ${esc(q.defaultText)}</p>
             <p><strong>Layout:</strong> ${esc(layoutLabel(layout))}</p>
             ${Object.keys(config).length ? `<p><strong>Config:</strong> <code>${esc(JSON.stringify(config))}</code></p>` : ''}
         </div>
@@ -692,7 +703,7 @@ function renderQuestionBody(q) {
         const type  = document.getElementById(`eq_type_${q.questionID}`).value;
         const isReq = document.getElementById(`eq_req_${q.questionID}`).checked ? 1 : 0;
         const cj    = readConfigFromForm(type, `eq_cfg_${q.questionID}`);
-        if (!text) { showToast('Question key is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (!text) { showToast('German text is required', 'error'); return; }
         updateQuestion(q.questionID, { defaultText: text, type, isRequired: isReq, configJson: cj });
     });
 
@@ -749,8 +760,8 @@ function showAddOptionForm(q) {
         <div class="inline-form-card" style="margin-top:8px">
             <div class="form-row">
                 <div class="form-group" style="flex:3">
-                    <label>Option key</label>
+                    <label>German text <span class="required-mark">*</span></label>
-                    <input type="text" id="ao_text_${q.questionID}" placeholder="e.g. consent_signed">
+                    <input type="text" id="ao_text_${q.questionID}" placeholder="e.g. Ja, ich stimme zu" required>
                 </div>
                 <div class="form-group" style="flex:1;min-width:100px">
                     <label>Points</label>
@@ -777,7 +788,7 @@ function showAddOptionForm(q) {
         const text   = document.getElementById(`ao_text_${q.questionID}`).value.trim();
         const points = parseInt(document.getElementById(`ao_pts_${q.questionID}`).value || '0', 10);
         const nextQ  = document.getElementById(`ao_next_${q.questionID}`).value;
-        if (!text) { showToast('Option key is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (!text) { showToast('German text is required', 'error'); return; }
 
         const btn = document.getElementById(`ao_submit_${q.questionID}`);
         btn.disabled = true;
@@ -824,7 +835,8 @@ function showEditOptionForm(q, opt) {
         <div class="inline-form-card" style="width:100%;padding:8px">
             <div class="form-row">
                 <div class="form-group" style="flex:3;margin-bottom:8px">
-                    <input type="text" id="eo_text_${opt.answerOptionID}" value="${esc(opt.defaultText)}">
+                    <label style="font-size:.8rem">German text <span class="required-mark">*</span></label>
+                    <input type="text" id="eo_text_${opt.answerOptionID}" value="${esc(opt.defaultText)}" required>
                 </div>
                 <div class="form-group" style="flex:1;min-width:80px;margin-bottom:8px">
                     <input type="number" id="eo_pts_${opt.answerOptionID}" value="${opt.points}" min="0">
@@ -850,7 +862,7 @@ function showEditOptionForm(q, opt) {
         const text   = document.getElementById(`eo_text_${opt.answerOptionID}`).value.trim();
         const points = parseInt(document.getElementById(`eo_pts_${opt.answerOptionID}`).value || '0', 10);
         const nextQ  = document.getElementById(`eo_next_${opt.answerOptionID}`).value;
-        if (!text) { showToast('Option key is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (!text) { showToast('German text is required', 'error'); return; }
         await updateOption(q, opt.answerOptionID, { defaultText: text, points, nextQuestionId: nextQ });
     });
 
@@ -923,6 +935,8 @@ async function deleteOption(q, answerOptionID) {
 // ── Translations tab ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 let transData = null;
+let editorTransLang = '';
+let editorTransSaveTimers = {};
 
 async function loadTranslationsTab() {
     const container = document.getElementById('translationsContent');
@@ -930,8 +944,12 @@ async function loadTranslationsTab() {
     container.innerHTML = '<div class="spinner"></div>';
 
     try {
+        try {
+            await apiPut('translations.php', { type: 'language', languageCode: SOURCE_LANG, name: 'German' });
+        } catch (_) { /* already exists */ }
         const data = await apiGet(`translations.php?questionnaireID=${encodeURIComponent(questionnaire.questionnaireID)}`);
         transData = data;
+        transData.entries = (transData.entries || []).map(normalizeEntry);
         renderTranslationsTab();
     } catch (e) {
         container.innerHTML = `<p class="error-text">${esc(e.message)}</p>`;
@@ -944,99 +962,193 @@ function renderTranslationsTab() {
     const editable = canEdit();
     const languages = transData.languages || [];
     const entries = transData.entries || [];
-    const langCodes = languages.map(l => l.languageCode);
+    const targets = targetLanguages(languages);
 
     if (!entries.length) {
         container.innerHTML = `
             ${editable ? languageManagerHTML(languages) : ''}
-            <p style="color:var(--text-secondary);margin-top:12px">No translatable keys found. Add questions first.</p>
+            <p style="color:var(--text-secondary);margin-top:12px">No translatable content yet. Add questions with German text first.</p>
         `;
         if (editable) bindLanguageManager(languages);
         return;
     }
 
-    const filterHtml = `
+    if (!editorTransLang || !targets.some(l => l.languageCode === editorTransLang)) {
-        <div class="trans-toolbar">
+        editorTransLang = targets[0]?.languageCode || '';
-            <div class="trans-search-wrap">
+    }
-                <input type="text" id="transFilter" placeholder="Filter keys..." class="trans-search-input">
-            </div>
-            <div class="trans-filter-types">
-                <label class="checkbox-label"><input type="checkbox" class="trans-type-filter" value="question" checked> Questions</label>
-                <label class="checkbox-label"><input type="checkbox" class="trans-type-filter" value="answer_option" checked> Options</label>
-                <label class="checkbox-label"><input type="checkbox" class="trans-type-filter" value="string" checked> Strings</label>
-            </div>
-        </div>
-    `;
 
-    const typeBadge = (type) => {
+    const langSelectHtml = targets.length
-        const map = { question: 'Q', answer_option: 'Opt', string: 'Str' };
+        ? `<label class="trans-control" style="max-width:280px;margin-bottom:14px">
-        const cls = { question: 'badge-q', answer_option: 'badge-opt', string: 'badge-str' };
+                <span>Translate into</span>
-        return `<span class="trans-type-badge ${cls[type] || ''}">${map[type] || type}</span>`;
+                <select id="editorTransLangSelect" class="trans-select">
-    };
+                    ${targets.map(l => {
+                        const label = l.name ? `${l.name} (${l.languageCode})` : l.languageCode;
+                        return `<option value="${escHtml(l.languageCode)}" ${l.languageCode === editorTransLang ? 'selected' : ''}>${escHtml(label)}</option>`;
+                    }).join('')}
+                </select>
+           </label>`
+        : `<p class="text-muted" style="margin-bottom:14px">Add a language below (e.g. English) to translate into.</p>`;
 
     container.innerHTML = `
         ${editable ? languageManagerHTML(languages) : ''}
-        ${filterHtml}
+        ${langSelectHtml}
-        <div class="table-wrapper trans-table-wrapper">
+        ${targets.length && editorTransLang ? renderEditorTransList(entries, editable) : ''}
-            <table class="data-table trans-table" id="transTable">
-                <thead>
-                    <tr>
-                        <th class="col-key">Key</th>
-                        <th class="col-type">Type</th>
-                        ${langCodes.map(lc => `<th class="col-lang">${esc(lc.toUpperCase())}</th>`).join('')}
-                    </tr>
-                </thead>
-                <tbody>
-                    ${entries.map((entry, i) => `
-                        <tr data-idx="${i}" data-type="${entry.type}" data-key="${esc(entry.key)}">
-                            <td class="cell-key" title="${esc(entry.key)}">${esc(entry.key)}</td>
-                            <td class="cell-type">${typeBadge(entry.type)}</td>
-                            ${langCodes.map(lc => {
-                                const val = entry.translations[lc] || '';
-                                const missing = !val;
-                                return `<td class="cell-trans ${missing ? 'cell-missing' : ''}">
-                                    <input type="text"
-                                        class="trans-cell-input"
-                                        data-idx="${i}"
-                                        data-lang="${esc(lc)}"
-                                        value="${esc(val)}"
-                                        ${editable ? '' : 'disabled'}
-                                        placeholder="${missing ? 'missing' : ''}">
-                                </td>`;
-                            }).join('')}
-                        </tr>
-                    `).join('')}
-                </tbody>
-            </table>
-        </div>
-        <div class="trans-stats" id="transStats"></div>
     `;
 
-    updateTransStats(entries, langCodes);
+    if (editable) bindLanguageManager(languages);
 
-    if (editable) {
+    document.getElementById('editorTransLangSelect')?.addEventListener('change', (e) => {
-        bindLanguageManager(languages);
+        editorTransLang = e.target.value;
-        bindTransCellEditing(entries);
+        renderTranslationsTab();
+    });
+
+    if (targets.length && editorTransLang) {
+        bindEditorTransEditing(entries, editable);
+        bindEditorTransFiltering(entries);
     }
-    bindTransFiltering();
+}
+
+function renderEditorTransList(entries, editable) {
+    const targets = targetLanguages(transData.languages || []);
+    const langLabel = targets.find(l => l.languageCode === editorTransLang)?.name || editorTransLang.toUpperCase();
+    const sourceLabel = sourceLanguageLabel(transData.languages || []);
+    const groups = buildTranslationGroups(entries, editorTransLang, 0);
+    const missingCount = entries.filter(e => !translationFor(e, editorTransLang).trim()).length;
+    const pct = entries.length ? Math.round(((entries.length - missingCount) / entries.length) * 100) : 0;
+
+    return `
+        <div class="trans-toolbar">
+            <input type="search" id="transFilter" class="trans-search-input" placeholder="Search…">
+            <select id="transTypeFilter" class="trans-select trans-type-select">
+                <option value="">All types</option>
+                <option value="string">UI strings</option>
+                <option value="question">Questions</option>
+                <option value="answer_option">Answer options</option>
+            </select>
+        </div>
+        ${translationListHeaderHTML(langLabel, sourceLabel)}
+        <div id="transGroupedRoot">
+            ${renderGroupedTranslationsHTML(groups, editorTransLang, sourceLabel, editable, { showColumnHeader: false })}
+        </div>
+        <div class="trans-stats">
+            <span id="transStats">${missingCount ? `${missingCount} missing · ` : ''}${entries.length} keys</span>
+            <span class="trans-stats-progress">
+                <span class="trans-progress-bar"><span class="trans-progress-fill" style="width:${pct}%"></span></span>
+                <span class="trans-progress-label">${pct}% in ${escHtml(editorTransLang.toUpperCase())}</span>
+            </span>
+        </div>
+    `;
+}
+
+function bindEditorTransEditing(entries, editable) {
+    if (!editable) return;
+    editorTransSaveTimers = {};
+    document.querySelectorAll('#transGroupedRoot .trans-cell-input').forEach(inp => {
+        inp.addEventListener('input', () => {
+            const idx = parseInt(inp.dataset.idx, 10);
+            const entry = entries[idx];
+            if (!entry) return;
+            const isGerman = inp.dataset.field === 'german';
+            if (!entry.translations || typeof entry.translations !== 'object') entry.translations = {};
+            if (isGerman) {
+                entry.germanText = inp.value;
+                entry.translations[SOURCE_LANG] = inp.value;
+            } else {
+                entry.translations[editorTransLang] = inp.value;
+                const missing = !inp.value.trim();
+                inp.classList.toggle('trans-input-missing', missing);
+                const row = inp.closest('.trans-list-item');
+                if (row) {
+                    row.classList.toggle('trans-list-item-missing', missing);
+                    row.dataset.missing = missing ? '1' : '0';
+                }
+            }
+            const timerKey = isGerman ? `${idx}_de` : `${idx}_${editorTransLang}`;
+            clearTimeout(editorTransSaveTimers[timerKey]);
+            editorTransSaveTimers[timerKey] = setTimeout(() => saveEditorTranslation(entry, inp, isGerman), 500);
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+async function saveEditorTranslation(entry, inp, isGerman) {
+    try {
+        await apiPut('translations.php', {
+            type: entry.type,
+            id: entry.entityId,
+            languageCode: isGerman ? SOURCE_LANG : editorTransLang,
+            text: inp.value,
+        });
+        inp.classList.add('save-flash');
+        setTimeout(() => inp.classList.remove('save-flash'), 400);
+    } catch (e) {
+        showToast(e.message, 'error');
+    }
+}
+
+function bindEditorTransFiltering(entries) {
+    const filterInput = document.getElementById('transFilter');
+    const typeFilter = document.getElementById('transTypeFilter');
+    const root = document.getElementById('transGroupedRoot');
+    if (!filterInput || !root) return;
+
+    function applyFilter() {
+        const text = filterInput.value.toLowerCase();
+        const type = typeFilter?.value || '';
+        let visible = 0;
+        let visibleMissing = 0;
+        root.querySelectorAll('.trans-list-item').forEach(row => {
+            const key = row.dataset.key?.toLowerCase() || '';
+            const rowType = row.dataset.type || '';
+            const german = row.querySelector('.trans-source-text')?.textContent?.toLowerCase()
+                || row.querySelector('[data-field="german"]')?.value?.toLowerCase() || '';
+            const val = row.querySelector('[data-field="translation"]')?.value?.toLowerCase() || '';
+            const show = (!type || rowType === type) &&
+                (!text || key.includes(text) || german.includes(text) || val.includes(text));
+            row.classList.toggle('trans-row-hidden', !show);
+            if (show) {
+                visible++;
+                if (row.dataset.missing === '1') visibleMissing++;
+            }
+        });
+        root.querySelectorAll('.trans-group').forEach(group => {
+            const anyVisible = [...group.querySelectorAll('.trans-list-item')].some(r => !r.classList.contains('trans-row-hidden'));
+            group.classList.toggle('trans-group-hidden', !anyVisible);
+        });
+        const stats = document.getElementById('transStats');
+        if (stats) {
+            stats.textContent = text || type
+                ? `Showing ${visible} (${visibleMissing} missing)`
+                : `${[...root.querySelectorAll('.trans-list-item')].filter(r => r.dataset.missing === '1').length} missing · ${entries.length} keys`;
+        }
+    }
+
+    filterInput.addEventListener('input', applyFilter);
+    typeFilter?.addEventListener('change', applyFilter);
 }
 
 function languageManagerHTML(languages) {
+    const others = targetLanguages(languages);
     return `
         <div class="lang-manager">
+            <p style="font-size:.85rem;color:var(--text-secondary);margin:0 0 10px">
+                German source text is edited under Questions. Add other languages here.
+            </p>
             <div class="lang-chips">
-                ${languages.map(l => `
+                <span class="lang-chip lang-chip-fixed">
+                    <strong>DE</strong>
+                    <span class="lang-chip-name">German (source)</span>
+                </span>
+                ${others.map(l => `
                     <span class="lang-chip">
                         <strong>${esc(l.languageCode.toUpperCase())}</strong>
                         ${l.name ? `<span class="lang-chip-name">${esc(l.name)}</span>` : ''}
                         <button class="lang-chip-remove" data-lc="${esc(l.languageCode)}" title="Remove language">&times;</button>
                     </span>
                 `).join('')}
-                ${!languages.length ? '<span style="color:var(--text-secondary);font-size:.85rem">No languages defined yet.</span>' : ''}
             </div>
             <div class="lang-add-row">
-                <input type="text" id="newLangCode" placeholder="Code (e.g. de)" class="lang-add-code">
+                <input type="text" id="newLangCode" placeholder="Code (en)" class="lang-add-code">
-                <input type="text" id="newLangName" placeholder="Name (e.g. German)" class="lang-add-name">
+                <input type="text" id="newLangName" placeholder="Name (English)" class="lang-add-name">
                 <button class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" id="addLangBtn">+ Add Language</button>
             </div>
         </div>
@@ -1048,6 +1160,10 @@ function bindLanguageManager(languages) {
         const code = document.getElementById('newLangCode').value.trim().toLowerCase();
         const name = document.getElementById('newLangName').value.trim();
         if (!code) { showToast('Language code is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (code === SOURCE_LANG) {
+            showToast('German (de) is always available as the source language', 'error');
+            return;
+        }
         if (languages.some(l => l.languageCode === code)) {
             showToast('Language already exists', 'error');
             return;
@@ -1055,6 +1171,7 @@ function bindLanguageManager(languages) {
         try {
             await apiPut('translations.php', { type: 'language', languageCode: code, name });
             showToast(`Language "${code}" added`, 'success');
+            editorTransLang = code;
             loadTranslationsTab();
         } catch (e) {
             showToast(e.message, 'error');
@@ -1076,99 +1193,6 @@ function bindLanguageManager(languages) {
     });
 }
 
-function bindTransCellEditing(entries) {
-    const debounceTimers = {};
-    document.querySelectorAll('.trans-cell-input').forEach(inp => {
-        inp.addEventListener('input', () => {
-            const idx = parseInt(inp.dataset.idx, 10);
-            const lang = inp.dataset.lang;
-            const entry = entries[idx];
-            if (!entry) return;
-
-            entry.translations[lang] = inp.value;
-
-            const cell = inp.closest('td');
-            cell.classList.toggle('cell-missing', !inp.value);
-
-            const timerKey = `${idx}_${lang}`;
-            clearTimeout(debounceTimers[timerKey]);
-            debounceTimers[timerKey] = setTimeout(async () => {
-                try {
-                    await apiPut('translations.php', {
-                        type: entry.type,
-                        id: entry.entityId,
-                        languageCode: lang,
-                        text: inp.value,
-                    });
-                    inp.classList.add('save-flash');
-                    setTimeout(() => inp.classList.remove('save-flash'), 400);
-                } catch (e) {
-                    showToast(e.message, 'error');
-                }
-            }, 600);
-        });
-
-        inp.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
-            if (e.key === 'Tab' || e.key === 'Enter') return;
-            if (e.key === 'ArrowDown' || e.key === 'ArrowUp') {
-                e.preventDefault();
-                const row = inp.closest('tr');
-                const cellIdx = [...row.children].indexOf(inp.closest('td'));
-                const targetRow = e.key === 'ArrowDown' ? row.nextElementSibling : row.previousElementSibling;
-                if (targetRow && !targetRow.classList.contains('trans-row-hidden')) {
-                    const targetInput = targetRow.children[cellIdx]?.querySelector('input');
-                    if (targetInput) targetInput.focus();
-                }
-            }
-        });
-    });
-}
-
-function bindTransFiltering() {
-    const filterInput = document.getElementById('transFilter');
-    const typeChecks = document.querySelectorAll('.trans-type-filter');
-    const tbody = document.querySelector('#transTable tbody');
-    if (!filterInput || !tbody) return;
-
-    function applyFilter() {
-        const text = filterInput.value.toLowerCase();
-        const activeTypes = new Set([...typeChecks].filter(c => c.checked).map(c => c.value));
-        let visible = 0;
-        tbody.querySelectorAll('tr').forEach(row => {
-            const key = row.dataset.key?.toLowerCase() || '';
-            const type = row.dataset.type || '';
-            const show = activeTypes.has(type) && (!text || key.includes(text));
-            row.classList.toggle('trans-row-hidden', !show);
-            if (show) visible++;
-        });
-        const stats = document.getElementById('transStats');
-        if (stats) stats.textContent = `Showing ${visible} of ${tbody.children.length} keys`;
-    }
-
-    filterInput.addEventListener('input', applyFilter);
-    typeChecks.forEach(c => c.addEventListener('change', applyFilter));
-}
-
-function updateTransStats(entries, langCodes) {
-    const stats = document.getElementById('transStats');
-    if (!stats) return;
-    const total = entries.length * langCodes.length;
-    let filled = 0;
-    for (const e of entries) {
-        for (const lc of langCodes) {
-            if (e.translations[lc]) filled++;
-        }
-    }
-    const pct = total ? Math.round((filled / total) * 100) : 0;
-    stats.innerHTML = `
-        <span>${entries.length} keys &times; ${langCodes.length} languages = ${total} cells</span>
-        <span class="trans-stats-progress">
-            <span class="trans-progress-bar"><span class="trans-progress-fill" style="width:${pct}%"></span></span>
-            <strong>${filled}/${total}</strong> (${pct}%) translated
-        </span>
-    `;
-}
-
 // ── Drag & drop (questions) ──────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 function initDragReorder() {

website/js/pages/translations.js

@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+import { apiGet, apiPut, apiDelete } from '../api.js';
+import { showToast } from '../app.js';
+import {
+    SOURCE_LANG,
+    normalizeEntry,
+    translationFor,
+    targetLanguages,
+    sourceLanguageLabel,
+    translationListHeaderHTML,
+    buildTranslationGroups,
+    renderGroupedTranslationsHTML,
+    flattenAllQuestionnaires,
+    escHtml as esc,
+} from '../translations-helpers.js';
+
+let transData = null;
+let allEntries = [];
+let selectedLang = '';
+let saveTimers = {};
+
+export async function translationsPage() {
+    const app = document.getElementById('app');
+    app.innerHTML = `
+        <div class="page-header">
+            <h1>Translations</h1>
+        </div>
+        <div id="transPageRoot"><div class="spinner"></div></div>
+    `;
+
+    try {
+        renderShell();
+        await loadTranslations();
+    } catch (e) {
+        document.getElementById('transPageRoot').innerHTML =
+            `<p class="error-text" style="padding:16px">${esc(e.message)}</p>`;
+    }
+}
+
+function renderShell() {
+    document.getElementById('transPageRoot').innerHTML = `
+        <div class="card trans-page">
+            <div class="trans-controls">
+                <label class="trans-control">
+                    <span>Translate into</span>
+                    <select id="transLangSelect" class="trans-select" disabled>
+                        <option value="">—</option>
+                    </select>
+                </label>
+            </div>
+
+            <details class="trans-lang-panel">
+                <summary>More languages</summary>
+                <div id="transLangPanel"><span class="text-muted">Loading…</span></div>
+            </details>
+
+            <div class="trans-toolbar">
+                <input type="search" id="transFilter" class="trans-search-input" placeholder="Search…" disabled>
+                <select id="transTypeFilter" class="trans-select trans-type-select" disabled>
+                    <option value="">All types</option>
+                    <option value="string">UI strings</option>
+                    <option value="question">Questions</option>
+                    <option value="answer_option">Answer options</option>
+                </select>
+            </div>
+
+            <div id="transListArea"><div class="spinner"></div></div>
+        </div>
+    `;
+}
+
+function pickDefaultTargetLang(languages) {
+    const targets = targetLanguages(languages);
+    if (!targets.length) return '';
+    if (selectedLang && targets.some(l => l.languageCode === selectedLang)) {
+        return selectedLang;
+    }
+    return targets[0].languageCode;
+}
+
+async function ensureGermanLanguage() {
+    try {
+        await apiPut('translations.php', { type: 'language', languageCode: SOURCE_LANG, name: 'German' });
+    } catch (_) { /* already exists */ }
+}
+
+async function loadTranslations() {
+    const listArea = document.getElementById('transListArea');
+    const langSelect = document.getElementById('transLangSelect');
+    const filter = document.getElementById('transFilter');
+    const typeFilter = document.getElementById('transTypeFilter');
+
+    if (listArea) listArea.innerHTML = '<div class="spinner"></div>';
+    saveTimers = {};
+
+    try {
+        await ensureGermanLanguage();
+        const data = await apiGet('translations.php?all=1');
+        transData = data;
+        const languages = transData.languages || [];
+        const questionnaires = transData.questionnaires || [];
+
+        const flat = flattenAllQuestionnaires(questionnaires);
+        allEntries = flat.allEntries;
+        transData.sections = flat.sections;
+
+        selectedLang = pickDefaultTargetLang(languages);
+
+        if (langSelect) {
+            const targets = targetLanguages(languages);
+            langSelect.disabled = !targets.length;
+            langSelect.innerHTML = targets.length
+                ? targets.map(l => {
+                    const label = l.name ? `${l.name} (${l.languageCode})` : l.languageCode;
+                    return `<option value="${esc(l.languageCode)}" ${l.languageCode === selectedLang ? 'selected' : ''}>${esc(label)}</option>`;
+                }).join('')
+                : '<option value="">Add a language below</option>';
+            langSelect.onchange = () => {
+                selectedLang = langSelect.value;
+                renderEntryList();
+            };
+        }
+
+        if (filter) filter.disabled = false;
+        if (typeFilter) typeFilter.disabled = false;
+
+        renderLanguagePanel(languages);
+        renderEntryList();
+        bindFilters();
+    } catch (e) {
+        if (listArea) listArea.innerHTML = `<p class="error-text">${esc(e.message)}</p>`;
+        showToast(e.message, 'error');
+    }
+}
+
+function renderLanguagePanel(languages) {
+    const panel = document.getElementById('transLangPanel');
+    if (!panel) return;
+
+    const others = targetLanguages(languages);
+
+    panel.innerHTML = `
+        <p class="text-muted" style="font-size:.85rem;margin:0 0 10px">
+            German source text is edited in the questionnaire editor. Add other languages here.
+        </p>
+        <div class="lang-chips">
+            <span class="lang-chip lang-chip-fixed">
+                <strong>DE</strong>
+                <span class="lang-chip-name">German (source)</span>
+            </span>
+            ${others.map(l => `
+                <span class="lang-chip">
+                    <strong>${esc(l.languageCode.toUpperCase())}</strong>
+                    ${l.name ? `<span class="lang-chip-name">${esc(l.name)}</span>` : ''}
+                    <button type="button" class="lang-chip-remove" data-lc="${esc(l.languageCode)}" title="Remove language">&times;</button>
+                </span>
+            `).join('')}
+        </div>
+        <div class="lang-add-row">
+            <input type="text" id="newLangCode" placeholder="Code (en)" class="lang-add-code" maxlength="8">
+            <input type="text" id="newLangName" placeholder="Name (English)" class="lang-add-name">
+            <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" id="addLangBtn">Add</button>
+        </div>
+    `;
+
+    document.getElementById('addLangBtn')?.addEventListener('click', async () => {
+        const code = document.getElementById('newLangCode').value.trim().toLowerCase();
+        const name = document.getElementById('newLangName').value.trim();
+        if (!code) { showToast('Language code is required', 'error'); return; }
+        if (code === SOURCE_LANG) {
+            showToast('German (de) is always available as the source language', 'error');
+            return;
+        }
+        if (languages.some(l => l.languageCode === code)) {
+            showToast('Language already exists', 'error');
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            await apiPut('translations.php', { type: 'language', languageCode: code, name });
+            showToast(`Language "${code}" added`, 'success');
+            selectedLang = code;
+            await loadTranslations();
+        } catch (e) {
+            showToast(e.message, 'error');
+        }
+    });
+
+    panel.querySelectorAll('.lang-chip-remove').forEach(btn => {
+        btn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
+            const lc = btn.dataset.lc;
+            if (!confirm(`Remove "${lc}" and all its translations?`)) return;
+            try {
+                await apiDelete('translations.php', { type: 'language', languageCode: lc });
+                showToast(`Language "${lc}" removed`, 'success');
+                if (selectedLang === lc) selectedLang = '';
+                await loadTranslations();
+            } catch (e) {
+                showToast(e.message, 'error');
+            }
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+function renderEntryList() {
+    const listArea = document.getElementById('transListArea');
+    if (!listArea || !transData) return;
+
+    const languages = transData.languages || [];
+    const targets = targetLanguages(languages);
+    const sections = transData.sections || [];
+
+    if (!targets.length) {
+        listArea.innerHTML = `
+            <p class="text-muted trans-hint">Add at least one language under <strong>More languages</strong> to translate into.</p>`;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!selectedLang) {
+        listArea.innerHTML = `<p class="text-muted trans-hint">Choose a language above.</p>`;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!sections.length) {
+        listArea.innerHTML = `
+            <p class="text-muted trans-hint">No translatable content yet. Add questionnaires and questions in the editor first.</p>`;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const sourceLabel = sourceLanguageLabel(languages);
+    const langLabel = targets.find(l => l.languageCode === selectedLang)?.name || selectedLang.toUpperCase();
+
+    const missingCount = allEntries.filter(e => !translationFor(e, selectedLang).trim()).length;
+    const pct = allEntries.length ? Math.round(((allEntries.length - missingCount) / allEntries.length) * 100) : 0;
+
+    const headerOnce = translationListHeaderHTML(langLabel, sourceLabel);
+
+    const sectionsHtml = sections.map(sec => {
+        const entries = allEntries.slice(sec.startIdx, sec.startIdx + sec.entryCount);
+        const groups = buildTranslationGroups(entries, selectedLang, sec.startIdx);
+        return `
+            <div class="trans-qn-block" data-qn="${esc(sec.questionnaireID)}">
+                <h2 class="trans-qn-title">${esc(sec.name)}</h2>
+                ${renderGroupedTranslationsHTML(groups, selectedLang, sourceLabel, true, {
+                    showColumnHeader: false,
+                })}
+            </div>
+        `;
+    }).join('');
+
+    listArea.innerHTML = `
+        ${headerOnce}
+        <div id="transGroupedRoot">${sectionsHtml}</div>
+        <div class="trans-stats">
+            <span id="transVisibleCount">${missingCount ? `${missingCount} missing · ` : ''}${allEntries.length} keys</span>
+            <span class="trans-stats-progress">
+                <span class="trans-progress-bar"><span class="trans-progress-fill" style="width:${pct}%"></span></span>
+                <span class="trans-progress-label">${pct}% in ${esc(selectedLang.toUpperCase())}</span>
+            </span>
+        </div>
+    `;
+
+    bindEntryEditing(allEntries);
+    applyFilters();
+}
+
+function bindEntryEditing(entries) {
+    document.querySelectorAll('#transGroupedRoot .trans-cell-input').forEach(inp => {
+        inp.addEventListener('input', () => {
+            const idx = parseInt(inp.dataset.idx, 10);
+            const entry = entries[idx];
+            if (!entry) return;
+
+            const isGerman = inp.dataset.field === 'german';
+            if (isGerman) {
+                entry.germanText = inp.value;
+                if (!entry.translations || typeof entry.translations !== 'object') entry.translations = {};
+                entry.translations[SOURCE_LANG] = inp.value;
+            } else {
+                if (!entry.translations || typeof entry.translations !== 'object') entry.translations = {};
+                entry.translations[selectedLang] = inp.value;
+            }
+
+            if (!isGerman) {
+                const missing = !inp.value.trim();
+                inp.classList.toggle('trans-input-missing', missing);
+                const row = inp.closest('.trans-list-item');
+                if (row) {
+                    row.classList.toggle('trans-list-item-missing', missing);
+                    row.dataset.missing = missing ? '1' : '0';
+                }
+            }
+
+            const timerKey = isGerman ? `${idx}_de` : `${idx}_${selectedLang}`;
+            clearTimeout(saveTimers[timerKey]);
+            saveTimers[timerKey] = setTimeout(() => saveTranslation(entry, inp, isGerman), 500);
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+async function saveTranslation(entry, inp, isGerman = false) {
+    try {
+        await apiPut('translations.php', {
+            type: entry.type,
+            id: entry.entityId,
+            languageCode: isGerman ? SOURCE_LANG : selectedLang,
+            text: inp.value,
+        });
+        inp.classList.add('save-flash');
+        setTimeout(() => inp.classList.remove('save-flash'), 400);
+        updateProgress();
+    } catch (e) {
+        showToast(e.message, 'error');
+    }
+}
+
+function updateProgress() {
+    const missing = allEntries.filter(e => !translationFor(e, selectedLang).trim()).length;
+    const pct = allEntries.length ? Math.round(((allEntries.length - missing) / allEntries.length) * 100) : 0;
+    const fill = document.querySelector('.trans-progress-fill');
+    if (fill) fill.style.width = `${pct}%`;
+    const label = document.querySelector('.trans-progress-label');
+    if (label) label.textContent = `${pct}% in ${selectedLang.toUpperCase()}`;
+    const countEl = document.getElementById('transVisibleCount');
+    if (countEl && !document.getElementById('transFilter')?.value && !document.getElementById('transTypeFilter')?.value) {
+        countEl.textContent = `${missing ? `${missing} missing · ` : ''}${allEntries.length} keys`;
+    }
+}
+
+let filtersBound = false;
+
+function bindFilters() {
+    if (filtersBound) {
+        applyFilters();
+        return;
+    }
+    filtersBound = true;
+
+    document.getElementById('transFilter')?.addEventListener('input', applyFilters);
+    document.getElementById('transTypeFilter')?.addEventListener('change', applyFilters);
+}
+
+function applyFilters() {
+    const text = (document.getElementById('transFilter')?.value || '').toLowerCase();
+    const type = document.getElementById('transTypeFilter')?.value || '';
+    const items = document.querySelectorAll('#transGroupedRoot .trans-list-item');
+    let visible = 0;
+    let visibleMissing = 0;
+
+    items.forEach(row => {
+        const key = row.dataset.key?.toLowerCase()
+            || row.querySelector('.trans-key-text')?.textContent?.toLowerCase() || '';
+        const rowType = row.dataset.type || '';
+        const german = row.querySelector('.trans-source-text')?.textContent?.toLowerCase()
+            || row.querySelector('[data-field="german"]')?.value?.toLowerCase() || '';
+        const val = row.querySelector('[data-field="translation"]')?.value?.toLowerCase() || '';
+        const show = (!type || rowType === type) &&
+            (!text || key.includes(text) || german.includes(text) || val.includes(text));
+        row.classList.toggle('trans-row-hidden', !show);
+        if (show) {
+            visible++;
+            if (row.dataset.missing === '1') visibleMissing++;
+        }
+    });
+
+    document.querySelectorAll('#transGroupedRoot .trans-group').forEach(group => {
+        const rows = group.querySelectorAll('.trans-list-item');
+        const anyVisible = [...rows].some(r => !r.classList.contains('trans-row-hidden'));
+        group.classList.toggle('trans-group-hidden', !anyVisible);
+    });
+
+    document.querySelectorAll('#transGroupedRoot .trans-qn-block').forEach(block => {
+        const anyVisible = [...block.querySelectorAll('.trans-list-item')].some(r => !r.classList.contains('trans-row-hidden'));
+        block.classList.toggle('trans-qn-hidden', !anyVisible);
+    });
+
+    const countEl = document.getElementById('transVisibleCount');
+    if (countEl) {
+        if (text || type) {
+            countEl.textContent = `Showing ${visible} (${visibleMissing} missing)`;
+        } else {
+            const totalMissing = [...items].filter(r => r.dataset.missing === '1').length;
+            countEl.textContent = `${totalMissing ? `${totalMissing} missing · ` : ''}${items.length} keys`;
+        }
+    }
+}

website/js/translations-helpers.js

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/** German (de) is the canonical source language for questionnaire content. */
+export const SOURCE_LANG = 'de';
+
+export function normalizeTranslations(raw) {
+    if (!raw) return {};
+    if (Array.isArray(raw)) {
+        const map = {};
+        raw.forEach(row => {
+            if (row && row.languageCode) map[row.languageCode] = row.text ?? '';
+        });
+        return map;
+    }
+    return typeof raw === 'object' ? { ...raw } : {};
+}
+
+export function normalizeEntry(entry) {
+    const translations = normalizeTranslations(entry.translations);
+    const germanText = (entry.germanText || translations[SOURCE_LANG] || entry.key || '').trim()
+        || entry.key
+        || '';
+    return { ...entry, translations, germanText };
+}
+
+export function germanFor(entry) {
+    return entry.germanText || normalizeTranslations(entry.translations)[SOURCE_LANG] || entry.key || '';
+}
+
+export function translationFor(entry, lang) {
+    return normalizeTranslations(entry.translations)[lang] || '';
+}
+
+export function targetLanguages(languages) {
+    return (languages || []).filter(l => l.languageCode !== SOURCE_LANG);
+}
+
+/** Sort rows within a group: missing translations first, then questionnaire order */
+export function sortGroupItems(items, targetLang) {
+    return [...items].sort((a, b) => {
+        const aMissing = !translationFor(a.entry, targetLang).trim();
+        const bMissing = !translationFor(b.entry, targetLang).trim();
+        if (aMissing !== bMissing) return aMissing ? -1 : 1;
+
+        const orderA = a.entry.sortOrder ?? 0;
+        const orderB = b.entry.sortOrder ?? 0;
+        if (orderA !== orderB) return orderA - orderB;
+
+        const typeCmp = (a.entry.type === 'question' ? 0 : 1) - (b.entry.type === 'question' ? 0 : 1);
+        if (typeCmp !== 0) return typeCmp;
+
+        return germanFor(a.entry).localeCompare(germanFor(b.entry), 'de');
+    });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Groups for one questionnaire: UI strings, then questions + options (interleaved).
+ * @param {number} indexOffset - global index for save handlers
+ */
+export function buildTranslationGroups(entries, targetLang, indexOffset = 0) {
+    const items = entries.map((entry, i) => ({ entry, idx: indexOffset + i }));
+    const strings = items.filter(({ entry }) => entry.type === 'string');
+    const content = items.filter(({ entry }) => entry.type !== 'string');
+    const groups = [];
+
+    if (strings.length) {
+        groups.push({
+            id: 'strings',
+            title: 'UI strings',
+            items: sortGroupItems(strings, targetLang),
+        });
+    }
+    if (content.length) {
+        groups.push({
+            id: 'content',
+            title: 'Questions',
+            items: sortGroupItems(content, targetLang),
+        });
+    }
+    return groups;
+}
+
+/** Render grouped sections (optional questionnaire wrapper title). */
+export function renderGroupedTranslationsHTML(groups, targetLang, sourceLabel, editable, options = {}) {
+    const { showColumnHeader = true, questionnaireTitle = null } = options;
+    if (!groups.length) return '';
+
+    const header = showColumnHeader ? translationListHeaderHTML(
+        targetLang,
+        sourceLabel
+    ) : '';
+
+    const qnHeader = questionnaireTitle
+        ? `<h2 class="trans-qn-title">${escHtml(questionnaireTitle)}</h2>`
+        : '';
+
+    const body = groups.map(g => `
+        <section class="trans-group" data-group="${escHtml(g.id)}">
+            <h3 class="trans-group-title">${escHtml(g.title)}</h3>
+            <div class="trans-list trans-list-in-group">
+                ${g.items.map(({ entry, idx }) =>
+                    translationRowHTML(entry, idx, { targetLang, editable })
+                ).join('')}
+            </div>
+        </section>
+    `).join('');
+
+    const wrapClass = questionnaireTitle ? 'trans-qn-block' : 'trans-groups-wrap';
+    return `<div class="${wrapClass}">${qnHeader}${header}${body}</div>`;
+}
+
+/** Flatten questionnaires from ?all=1 into one entries array + section metadata */
+export function flattenAllQuestionnaires(questionnaires) {
+    const allEntries = [];
+    const sections = [];
+
+    for (const qn of questionnaires) {
+        const normalized = (qn.entries || []).map(normalizeEntry);
+        if (!normalized.length) continue;
+        const startIdx = allEntries.length;
+        normalized.forEach(e => allEntries.push(e));
+        sections.push({
+            questionnaireID: qn.questionnaireID,
+            name: qn.name || 'Questionnaire',
+            startIdx,
+            entryCount: normalized.length,
+        });
+    }
+
+    return { allEntries, sections };
+}
+
+export function typeBadge(type) {
+    const map = { question: 'Q', answer_option: 'Opt', string: 'Str' };
+    const cls = { question: 'badge-q', answer_option: 'badge-opt', string: 'badge-str' };
+    return `<span class="trans-type-badge ${cls[type] || ''}">${map[type] || type}</span>`;
+}
+
+export function escHtml(s) {
+    if (s == null) return '';
+    return String(s)
+        .replace(/&/g, '&amp;')
+        .replace(/</g, '&lt;')
+        .replace(/>/g, '&gt;')
+        .replace(/"/g, '&quot;');
+}
+
+export function sourceLanguageLabel(languages) {
+    const row = (languages || []).find(l => l.languageCode === SOURCE_LANG);
+    return row?.name ? `${row.name} (${SOURCE_LANG})` : 'German';
+}
+
+/** Column headers: Key | main language (German) | target language */
+export function translationListHeaderHTML(targetLangLabel, sourceLabel = 'German') {
+    return `
+        <div class="trans-list-header">
+            <span class="trans-col-key">Key</span>
+            <span class="trans-col-source">${escHtml(sourceLabel)}</span>
+            <span class="trans-col-target">${escHtml(targetLangLabel)}</span>
+        </div>`;
+}
+
+export function translationRowHTML(entry, idx, { targetLang, editable = true }) {
+    const key = entry.key || '';
+    const german = germanFor(entry);
+    const val = translationFor(entry, targetLang);
+    const missing = !val.trim();
+    const disabled = editable ? '' : 'disabled';
+
+    const sourceCell = entry.type === 'string' && editable
+        ? `<input type="text" class="trans-cell-input" data-idx="${idx}" data-field="german"
+                value="${escHtml(german)}" placeholder="German text…" autocomplete="off">`
+        : `<span class="trans-source-text" title="${escHtml(german)}">${escHtml(german)}</span>`;
+
+    return `
+        <div class="trans-list-item ${missing ? 'trans-list-item-missing' : ''}"
+            data-idx="${idx}" data-type="${entry.type}" data-key="${escHtml(key)}" data-missing="${missing ? '1' : '0'}">
+            <div class="trans-list-key">
+                ${typeBadge(entry.type)}
+                <span class="trans-key-text" title="${escHtml(key)}">${escHtml(key)}</span>
+            </div>
+            <div class="trans-list-source">${sourceCell}</div>
+            <input type="text" class="trans-cell-input ${missing ? 'trans-input-missing' : ''}"
+                data-idx="${idx}" data-field="translation" value="${escHtml(val)}"
+                placeholder="Translation…" ${disabled} autocomplete="off">
+        </div>`;
+}